Friction shock-absorbing mechanism



Dec. 4, 19'28. 1,693,921

v s. B. HASELTINE FRICTIUN sHocK ABSORBING MECHANISM Filed sept. 2, 1927 2 sheets-sheet /1' Uff ff@ Dec. 4,1928.

S. B. HASELTINE FRICTION SHOCK ABSRBING MECHANISM ed Sep'- 2. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 4, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFF STACY B. HASELTINE, "OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO lk C E W. H'. 'MINER, INC.`,

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

FRICTION SHOCK-ABSORBING MECHANISM.

Appiication sied september 2, 1927. Yserial No. 217,233.

by holding the movable elements spacedfroin the portion of the walls of the casing not provided with friction surfaces to prevent wear of the casing.

A more specific object` of the invention is to provide in a friction shock absorbing mechanism of the character indicated a friction shell having opposed friction surfaces, a central friction member 'having plain, flat friction surfaces on opposite sides thereof, and a friction wedge means cooperating with the friction shell and central friction member, wheiein the friction means includes a plurality ofcooperating elements having in-v terengaging surfaces limiting movement of the parts of the friction meansl to a direction longitudinally of the mechanism, thereby preventing wear of the inactive inner surfaces of the walls of the shell.

A still further object of-the invention is to provide, in friction shockabsorbing mechanism` of the character described, simple and eflicient means for holding the parts assembled. i y

Other objects of the invention will more clearly appear from the description and claims hereinafter following.

In Vthe drawings forming a. part of this specification, Figure k1 is a horizontal, longitiidinal, sectional view ofv a portion of a l., railway draft rigging, showing my improvements in connection therewith. Figure 2 is a front end elevational view of the shock absorbing mechanism proper. Figure 3 is a vertical, transverse sectional viewjcorresponding substantially to the line v3*?) of Figure 1. Figure 4l is alongitudinal, vertical, sectional view of the forward end portion of the shock absorbing mechanism proper,vcorresponding substantially to the line 4--4 of Figure 1. `And Figure 5 is a detail per-v specti-vel view of `one of the wedge elements employed in connection with my improved mechanism.

In said drawings, -10 indicate channel shaped center 'or draft sills of a railway car underframe, to the inner surfaces of which are secured the usual front stop lugs 11-11 and rear stop lugs 12-12. The rear end portion of the draw bar is'designated by 13, to which is operatively` connected a yoke 14 of well known form. The shock absorbing mechanism proper and a front main follower 15 are disposed within the yoke, and the yoke in turn is supported inoperative posi-y tionby a saddle plate 16 detacliably secured to the draft sills 10.

My improved shock absorbing mechanism proper, as shown, comprises broadly,A a .cas-1' ing A provided with detachable liners BeB; a friction post C; two main. wedge blocks D-D; two friction shoes E-E; twin ar'- ranged main spring resistance means F; and a spring follower G. Y The casing Av is in the form of a substantially rectangular box-like casting having longitudinally disposed spaced side walls 17l7, horizontally extending and bottom walls 18-18 and a transverse rear end wall 19. The endl wall 19-cooper ates with the stop lugs 12 in the'inanner of the usual rear follower. As most clearly shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4, the casing is open at the yforward yend and the vside walls adjacent the forward end thereof are inwardly thickened, as indicated at 20. At the extreme outer ends, the side walls are provided with inwardly extending ribs 21- 21-which cooperate with the liners, as hereinafter pointed out, to limit outward movement of the latter. .At the inner extreme spaced top I walls, the casing is provided with abutment shoulders 22-22 at the four corners thereof,

the abutment shoulders being reinforced by l rearwardly extending thickened sections 23 formed integral with the side walls 17 of the casing A. The casing A'rearwardly of the thickened wall portions 20 presentsv the 'spring cagevportion of the same, and the top and bottom walls together with the liners Bat the forward end of the casing define .the friction shell'section thereof. t

The liners B are of similar design, each being in the form of a relatively thick plate- .I

having flat V-shaped interior, longitudinally extending friction surfaces `24.` The friction surfaces-24d the two liners B- are'preferably converged inwardly of the mechanism,

most clearly shown in Figure 1. At they forward end portion, eachl liner B is cut j away on the` outer side thereof, as indicated at 25, to receive the rib 21 yat the corresponding side of the casing A. The main body Vportion of the liner B rearwardly of the cut 101 away section 25 is disposed between the rib 21 and the top and bottom abutinent shoulders `22 the'saine side of the casing A. As will be evident,ythe ribs 21 andthe abutment shoulders 22 positively prevent longitudinal movement of the liners with respect to the casing.

relatively heavy plate having flat friction Y p surfaces 26-26 on the opposite sides thereof. The friction surfaces26 extend longitudinally of the mechanism and are preferably disposed in parallel relation. Atthe top` and bottom sides the post C isV cut away at the forward end, as indicated at 27-1-27 to accommodate top and bottom central lugs 23-28 formed integral with the topV and'A lbottom walls 13---18` of the casing A. The,V Vlugs 28 co-operate A with theV rear end walls of the cutaway portions at the forwardend of the post to positivelylimit outward ments of the twin arranged'` main spring repostV CA and the casing sistance F. As most clearly shown in Figures 1 and 4, the rear end of the post C is normally slightly spaced from the abutment lfaces `30 of the ribs 31 so as to provide-a certain amount Vof relative motion between the action of the mechanism. y y y Thetwo wedge members or blocks D are of similar design, exceptA as Vhereinafter pointed out, each having a plain,"longitud1 nallyv extending y y the inner `side thereof adapted to co-operate with'the friction surface 26 at the saine Side of the post C. The front end portion of Veach wedge block VD presents a transverse fiat face 'bearing directly on the inner sideA i Vof the main follower 15. At the inner end each wedge block D is provided with a wedge vface"adapted to cooperate with-one of the friction shoes E, thewedge face of one ef the blocks being designated by 33 and that of the other. block being designated by 34. The wedge face 33 is preferably dis-V The friction post C is in the form of a A Vc lurilg the initial flat friction surface 32 onV posed at a `relativelyblunt releasing angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the i mechanism, while the wedge face 34 is disposed at a keen wedffe-actingangle with respect to saidaxis.

Flach-ofthe wedge blocks D is provided with a transverse pin receiving opening 37A accommodating an anchoring pin 33 extending through an opening 137 in the post Cf AAs most clearly shown in F'gureV 1, the openings 37 and 137 permita certainamount of lostmotion betweenthe pin, post and 'wedge blocks, thus allowing the necessary relativejmoveinent.between the parts during compression of the mechanism.-

The anchoring pin 33` serves to limit outward movement of the wedgerblocks D-D and holds thesameassembled with the mechanisin, the post being had against outward movement bythe lugs 28V on the casing A.,

as hereinbefor'e pointed out. .The wedge faces 33" and`34 of the vwedgeblocksy are of V-shaped section, as most clearly shown in Figures 2 and 3 and interit with similar wedge-shaped faces on the friction lshoes li-F17, thereby prevent-in0` relative'displacement' of the shoes E-1 and the wedge blocks D-D.

The friction shoes' E, which aretwo` in number, are disposed atv opposite sidesof the A .A mechanism and are disposed between the friction surfaces ofthe liners BV andi the i wedge blocks D. The `twofshoes E are of similar design,`except as hereinafter pointed out. Each shoe is provided with an outer friction surface 35 adapted to-Lcooperate with' the friction surface 24 ofthe corresponding.

liner B. The friction surfaces 35 of the shoes E are of V-shaped" section so as to interlou Y t withthe V-sha-ped surfaces 24 of the liners Y B, thus preventingrelative vertical displacement of the shoes E and the liners B and limiting the movement of the shoes E to a direction longitudinal lof the 'inechanismf On the innerside each shoeV E isprovided with a lateral enlargement 36 having a front of the mechanism. The wedge face of the shoe'E, which cooperates with ithawedge face 33 of thewedge blocks, is` designated by 133,7while thewedge faceofthe remain-A `inner wedge` face cooperating with thewedge i face of the wedge block D at the same side ing frictionshoe E is designatedfby 134. y The wedge faces `133l and 134 are of V-shapedy section so as to intert the wedge faces of the lwedge blocks D-J-D, thereby preventing rela-v tive displacement in a `vertical directionlof theshoes E and wedge blocks D." The wedge face 133 is disposed ata relatively blunt angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mechanism so as to properly cooperate with the wedge vface 33 of the wedge'block D, and the wed-ge face 134 of the remaining shoeE isdisposed at a relativelykeen wedging angle Vwith respect to thef longitudinal axisV of the mechanism seas to properly colil n faces of the mechanism.

' springs F to an operate with the wedge face 34 of the remaining wedge block D. The friction shoes E have rearward extensions which are laterally enlarged as indicated aty 39 bearing on the front face of the spring follower Gr.

` The main spring resistance element F comprises twin arranged elements, each element including an inner coil and a relatively heavier outer coil. The opposite ends of the twin arranged spring elements beai directly on the end wall 19 of the casing A and the inner side of the Vspring follower G.

As most clearly shown in Figure 1, the spring follower G is in the form of a substantially rectangular plate having spacedv rearwardly projecting bosses thereon engagh ing within the inner coils of the spring resistance elements to maintain the springs properly centered withk respect to the spring follower. In the normal, position of the parts, the spring follower is spaced from the inner ends of the liners B-B so as to permit a certain amount of outward movement of the spring followerk to compensate for wear of the various friction and wedge The twin arranged main spring resistance elements F are placed under initial compression, when the mechanism is assembled, and dueto the'tendency of these springs to expand the spring,y follower G is urged outwardly so as to compensate for wear vas hereinbefore pointed out. Due to the tendency of the springs to expand, the liners B are also maintained in their anchored posit-ion with respect to the casing A', the wedging action between the wedge blocks D and the friction slioes E under the influence of the main spring resistance F foro# ing the liners B apart. i

In assembling the mechanism the main spring resistance elements F and the spring follower G are first inserted into'the casing. The liners B are then placed in position and the :friction post C engaged in back of the lugs 28 of thecasing A. The friction shoes and wedge blocks D-D are then inserted, the shoes being forced inwardly against the Y extent to permit insertion of the pin through the openings in the post and wedge blocks. The pressure on the shoes is then removed, whereupon the expansive action of the springs will force the parts to the position shown in Fig. 1.

Assuming a compression stroke, the opera- -4 tion of my improved mechanisniis as follows: The main follower 15 and the casing A will be moved relatively toward each other, thereby carrying the wedge blocks D inwardly of the casing. Due tothe angulai'ity of the keen wedge faces 34 .and 134: of one of the wedge blocks D and the corresponding shoe E, a wedging action will be set up, thus forcing the friction shoes into intimate conwitli the friction surfaces of the liners and the friction surfaces of the wedge blocks lD into intimatecontactwith the friction sur` faces of the post, C while the parts are moved inwardly also. On account of the friction thus produced between the wedgeblocks D and the post C lthe latter will be carried inwardly in unison with the wedge blocks D during the initial compression of the machanism until the clearance between the inner end of the post C and the abutment shoulders 30 is taken up. Upon engagement of the post C-with the shoulders 3() .movement of the post will be stopped and the wedge blocks .D will be forced to slip on the friction'surfaces` of the post. Due to the kconverging relation of the opposed friction surfaces of the liners, the shoes E-E at opposite sides of the mechanism will be forced to approach each other'. The lateral approach of the shoes Fi is accommodated by the cooperating blunt wedge faces 33 and 133.

During-the described action `there will be a slight lateral displacement ofthe post C and this is permitted inasmuch as the post C is anchored to the casing A in such a manner as to limit the longitudinal movement thereof only. Due to the fact that the cooperating wedge faces of the wedge blocks DA andthe friction shoes E and the cooperating friction surfaces of the shoes E and the liners B are of V-shaped section, movement of the kentire friction means is limited to a direction longitudinal of the mechanism, thereby preventing dragging of the slices and wedge blocks on the top and bottom Walls of the casing A. As most clearly shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4, the top and bottom sides of the shoes E are spaced slightly from the top and bottom walls of the casing A in all positions of the partsand the wedge blocks D-D are also spaced from the top and bottom walls referred to. The conipression action ofv the mechanism will continue either until theactuating force is reduced or inward movement of the follower 15 yis limited by engagement with the front end of the ycasing A. nUpon movement of the follower 15 being limited-by engagement with the casing A, the forces will be transmitted directly through the casing, the latter acting as` a solid columnl loadV transmittingr member toprevent the main springs F from being unduly compressed.

Duringjrelease of the mechanism upon the y' acting force being reduced, the expansive action ofthe spring resistance means F forces the spring follower' Gr outwardly, the latter carrying the friction shoes E-Eouts wardly therewith, the shoes in turn forcing the wedge blocks outwardly also. During the first part of the releasing action, the friction post C, due to the friction existing between the same and the wedge blocks D, will bev carried outwardlyy in unison with the wedge blocks until limited by engagement with the lugs v28. Uponmovement of .the

i ost C being arrested, the wedge blocks D will e forced to slide outwardly of the ypost until movement thereof lis limited by engagement of the pin 3S. Upon movement ofthe wedge blocks D being stopped, the friction shoes E lwill also have their movement arrested due to the interengaging wedge faces of the friction shoes and wedge blocks. In this manner all of the parts of the mechanism are restored to the normal position illustrated in Figure l. Y'

The releasing action of the mechanism is greatly facilitated by the initial outward .movement of the friction. post and Aby the A cations Awhich come within the scope of and post` mounted on action ofthe blunt releasing wedge faces 33 and 183.

lVhile I-have. herein `shown and described the preferred manner of carrying 'out my inventiointhe sameis merely illustrative,

Y and I contemplate all changes and modifithe claims appended hereto.

I claim: e i l. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism,'tiie combination with a casing provided with opposed side walls and top and bottoni walls; of a spring i'esistance within the casing; a pairl of detachable liners the side walls. of the casing; meansV for preventing relative longitudinal movement of said liners and casing, said liners being held against vertical .displacenient' a 1)air of friction Ashoes coo Jeratinr 7 l c with .the liners; a central friction post; av

of wedgeV blocks on opposite sides of and relatively movable thereto, said pair the post wedge blocks having wedging engagement with the slices, said wedge blocks, shoes and liners being provided with interengaging m `ans for holding all of said parts centered on the side walls of the casing and uniformly spaced from the remaining walls respectiveiy. p' e 2. lIn a friction shock absorbing mech- Y anism, the combination with a casing having a spring cage section and a friction shell section, said casing being provided with opposed walls presenting' interior friction surfaces of a spring resistance within the cage; central friction post within `the friction shell; a pair of `friction shoes cooperating with the frictionsurfaces of the shell;

` a pair of wedge blocks havingwedging en'- gagement with the' shoes and` `frictionalY engagement with the post, said Wedge blocks being relatively movable, said wedge blocks and shoeshaving interengagmg means tliereonfor limiting movement of the Y same to a direction longitudinal ofthe mechanism.

In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a`rectangularfriction shell having top, bottom and side walls, said side walls being provided with longitudinally disposed Y friction surfaces 5` of vertical displacementfof the wedgeV bloclisV and shoes and maintaining the wedge blocks spaced from tlietop and bottom'walls of the shell; a central friction post having -at friction surfaces cooperatingfwith' the friction surfaces of the wedge blocks, said post` land wedge blocks being relatively movable ;4 and spring means within the cage opposing inward movement vof the shoes.:

4. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a casing having opposed side walls; of a inainvfollower, said main follower and casing being relatively p movable toward and away from veach other; a central friction member within the casing; a wedge block disposed on each `side of said friction element, said wedge blocks being movable with the main follower and relatively movableft'othe central friction element; a pair or frictionshoescooperating with the wedge blocks, said wedge*Y blocks vand shoes having cooperating V-shaped wedge faces, and said shoes. andV opposed casing wall also having interengaging V- shaped friction surfaces; and a main spring resistance opposing inward movement of the friction shoes. i

5. In a friction shock absorbing {mechanism, the combination with a friction shell" having opposed inwardly rconverging friction surfaces a central friction post disposed within said casing; a pair of pressure transmitting wedge elements having frictional engagement with the` post and movioo able .relatively thereto; friction shoes inter-V Y posed between Vthe wedge pressure transmitting members and casing walls, said'shoes and wedge pressuretransmitting members vhaving cooperating sets Vof interengagingV wedgefaces limiting relative movement of VVthe wedge pressure transmitting members and shoes to a direction longitudinal of the mechanism, the cooperating sets of wedge` faces of one of said wedge4 Vressure transmitting members and shoes eing disposed at a keener angle with respect to the loiigitudinal axis of the mechanism than the co`- operating wedge faces of thel other set, said shoes and shell side walls having cooperating interengagingfriction surfaces limiting Vmovement ofthe shoes to a direction longitudinal of the'shell; and Vspringresistance4 means ieldingly opposing ment o the shoes. .6. In a frictionshock inward moveabsorbing mechanism, the combination with a combined friction shell andspring cage, the friction shell section thereof being provided with detachable liners held against movement with respect-to the combined cage and shell, said liners having opposed inwardly converging friction surfaces of V-shaped section; a eentral friction post having limited movement with respect to the combined cage and shell, said post having plain friction surfaces on the opposite sides thereof; a pair of wedgel pressure transmitting blocks disposed at opposite sides of the post and having friction surfaces cooperating with the friction nism the combination with a casino' havinO opposed interior friction surfaces; of a friction post within the casing; means on the casing for limiting inward post and casing for limiting'outward movement of the post; a pair of wedge blocks having frictional engagement with the postmovement `of the' post; cooperating abutment means on the nism, the combination with a casing having interior opposed friction surfaces; of a friction post Vwithin the casing; abutment means on the casing for limiting outward movement of the post; wedge blocks on opposite sides Vof the post and havingfrictional engagement therewith and being relatively movable thereto; friction' shoes interposed between the friction surfaces of the casing and wedge blocks; an anchoring pin having a lost motion connection with the post and wedge blocks to limit outward movement of the wedge blocks; and main `spring re'- n sistance means within the casing and opposing inward movement of the friction shoes.

y9.111 a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a friction shell having opposed friction surfaces; a central post within the shell, having limited -movement wit-hrespect thereto, said post presenting flat outer friction surfaces; a split wedge comprising a pair of members disposed on opposite sides of the post and having frictional engagement with the friction surfaces thereof; a pair of vfriction shoes having wedging engagement with the split wedge7 said shoes also having friction surfaces cooperating with the friction surfaces of the shell, the cooperating friction surfaces of the slices and shell and the cooperating wedge faces of the split wedge and shoes interengaging to limit movement ofthe shoes and split'vvedge to a direction longitudinal of the mechanism; and a main spring resistance opposing inward movement of the friction shoes.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 30th day of August, 1927. Y v

' STACY B. HASELTINE. 

